Introduction: Both virtual bronchoscopic navigation (VBN) and puncture with a 4-hook localization needle are viable methods for localizing pulmonary nodules. However, there is a paucity of research ...

The use of preoperative computed tomography (CT) to guide the wedge resection (WR) of lung nodules (LNs) in video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) is widely accepted. However, some LNs may be ...

Ultrasound is well suited for guiding many minimally invasive procedures, but its use is often precluded by the poor visibility of medical devices. When devices are not visible, they can damage ...