In this last chapter, causal discrete-time state-space models of linear time-invariant (LTI) systems are introduced mainly as a means of providing methods to discretize continuous-time LTI systems.

Comprehensive introduction to analysis of continuous and discrete-time signals and systems. Linear time-invariant systems, convolution; Fourier series representations of periodic signals; Continuous ...

Formatted to facilitate self-learning and to provide easy reference, this book is a self-contained introduction to the theory of signals and systems, which lies at the basis of many areas of ...

Invariant manifolds are geometric structures in the phase space of a dynamical system that constrain trajectories and guide long‐term behaviour. They arise as stable, unstable or centre manifolds ...