The intricate relationships between cleaner fish and cleaner shrimp underpin some of the most compelling examples of mutualism in coral reef ecosystems. These interactions involve smaller organisms ...

Biologists study the social behaviour of fish through their communication, which includes grunts, clicks and coordinated flatulence. Cleaner fish feed on the parasites that live on the skin of many ...

An entomologist documents a rare interaction between ant species, suggesting a possible mutualistic “cleaning” system similar ...