India has barred one of the world's largest quant trading firms, Jane Street, from accessing its securities market after an investigation found it made "unlawful gains", taking the most stringent action ever against a foreign trading firm.

The lawsuit alleged that the traders had stolen a “ highly valuable, unique, and proprietary ” trading strategy, which was quickly revealed to revolve around India’s booming options market. Jane Street and Millennium settled the lawsuit in December, but judging from SEBI’s report it has cast a long (and expensive) shadow.

SEBI has barred US-based Jane Street Group from participating in the Indian stock market and ordered it to disgorge unlawful gains of ₹4,843 crore for allegedly manipulating stock indices through derivative positions.