Calcutta is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in southeastern St. Clair Township, Columbiana County, Ohio, United States. The population was 3,941 at the 2020 census. Historically a rural town, Calcutta developed in the late 20th century as businesses from neighboring East Liverpool moved into larger shopping centers cluste…Calcutta is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in southeastern St. Clair Township, Columbiana County, Ohio, United States. The population was 3,941 at the 2020 census. Historically a rural town, Calcutta developed in the late 20th century as businesses from neighboring East Liverpool moved into larger shopping centers clustered around Ohio State Route 170.